THE ANIMAL FILES

Vampire squid

Vampyroteuthis infernalis

The “vampire” collects sinking scraps instead of drinking blood.

The vampire squid has eight web-linked arms and two thin retractile filaments. In deep water, those filaments help gather marine snow: organic particles sinking from life nearer the surface.[1][3]

Follow the evidence ↓
Vampire squid
Image: Carl Chun · Commons · Public domain
Arms
Eight, connected by webbing[1]
Food collection
Two long retractile filaments[3]
Habitat
Deep water with little oxygen[1]

A line for drifting food

Particles adhere to an extended filament. The animal draws it back through its arms, gathers the material with mucus and moves it to the mouth. Observations from underwater vehicles and laboratory animals helped reveal this sequence.[3]

A low-energy way to remain suspended

Gelatinous tissues help the animal remain buoyant, and small fins move the adult through the water. Collecting passing particles reduces the need for continual pursuit in its low-oxygen habitat.[1][3]

A cloak turned outward

When disturbed, the arms can curl back around the body, exposing fleshy projections. Light-producing organs and luminous mucus also contribute to defensive displays. The web and spines behind the dramatic name therefore need not imply blood feeding.[1]

A COMMON MIX-UP

Does its name describe a blood-based diet?

No. Observed feeding centres on sinking organic particles collected with filaments and mucus.[3]

TRY A LITTLE REASONING

Why combine video with stomach contents?

Reveal the explanation

Fragments show what entered the animal, while video reveals how food was collected and transferred to the mouth.[3]

Sources & editorial notes

Adapted and translated from the cited Wikipedia revisions, with source-linked reasoning. Image credit and licence are listed separately above.

Adapted and translated from Wikipedia contributors; exact revisions are linked below. CC BY-SA 4.0

  1. Wikipedia contributors — Vampire squid (fixed revision; adapted and translated)
  2. NCBI Taxonomy — Vampyroteuthis infernalis (identity and classification)
  3. MBARI — Observations of vampire squid feeding, 2012

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