UNEXPECTED RELATIVES

A whale’s surprising land connection

Blue whale, hippo, or salmon: water is not a family tree.

Sources & method ↓

A blue whale is more closely related to a Nile hippopotamus than to an Atlantic salmon. Sharing the water does not mean sharing the closer branch.

Why the hippo is closer

A blue whale is more closely related to a Nile hippopotamus than to an Atlantic salmon in this comparison. The whale and the hippo are both mammals; the salmon follows a different vertebrate branch. That does not mean every animal associated with water belongs together. To check the answer, compare where each pair shares its most specific ancestral group.

Two meeting points on the tree

The whale and hippo paths meet at Whippomorpha, the group joining whales and hippos. The whale and salmon paths meet at the broader Euteleostomi, or bony vertebrates. Despite the fish-like sound of some names used for this group, it also contains the mammal paths shown here. Whippomorpha sits within that larger group, so the whale and hippo share the more specific connection.

A relative is not an ancestor

A living hippo is not the ancestor of a living whale. They occupy separate paths below their shared group, like relatives on different branches of a family tree. This comparison also supplies no percentage of shared DNA and no date for their split. The order of branching answers which of these two candidates is closer; the number of labels on a drawn path is not a clock.

Try the three-animal comparison

Write down the two pairs: blue whale–hippo and blue whale–salmon. For each pair, follow the paths back until they meet. The first pair shares Whippomorpha; the second requires the wider Euteleostomi branch. Prefer the pair that stays together within the smaller shared group. This is a repeatable way to test a guess, rather than choosing the animal that looks most at home beside the whale.

Meet the animals

Try the daily animal game ↗Browse all stories ↗

Sources & method

Relationships follow NCBI Taxonomy. Branch order does not measure genetic similarity or time since divergence.

Keep exploring

An elephant’s unexpected water linkThe manatee shares a branch that the hippo does not.Read the story ↗An octopus’s snail connectionA shared sea is less informative than a shared mollusc branch.Read the story ↗