THE ANIMAL FILES

Humpback whale

Megaptera novaeangliae

A curtain of bubbles can gather a meal.

Humpback whales filter small prey, sometimes concentrating fish with bubble curtains. Their patterned tail flukes also let researchers recognise individual whales across repeated sightings.[2]

Follow the evidence ↓
Humpback whale
Image: Dr. Louis M. Herman. · Commons · Public domain
Bubble curtains
Bubbles can concentrate fish.[2]
A tail catalogue
Fluke patterns help identify individuals.[2]
Food and migration
Feeding and calving areas can be far apart.[2]

Bubble curtains

In coordinated bubble-net feeding, whales use curtains of air bubbles to condense prey and push fish towards the surface. The whales then lunge upward through the circular net and engulf the gathered fish. Filtering retains small prey while water leaves the mouth. Groups and regions use different bubble structures.[2]

A tail catalogue

Pigmentation, fluke shape and scars provide recognisable combinations. Researchers compare photographs to track repeat sightings; the useful evidence is the pattern, not simply a black-and-white tail.[2]

Food and migration

Many humpbacks migrate between productive feeding waters and warmer breeding areas. Building blubber during feeding helps sustain the winter period; migration connects habitats used for different purposes.[2]

A COMMON MIX-UP

Do all humpbacks use exactly the same bubble technique?

No. Bubble-feeding behaviour differs among groups and regions.[2]

TRY A LITTLE REASONING

What could matching fluke photographs from two places show?

Reveal the explanation

They can document the same whale in both places, providing evidence of movement rather than merely two species sightings.[2]

Sources & editorial notes

Original explanations, checked against the sources below. The image has its own credit and licence above.

  1. NCBI Taxonomy — Megaptera novaeangliae
  2. NOAA Fisheries — Humpback whale

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