THE ANIMAL FILES

House sparrow

Passer domesticus

A familiar sparrow has different faces within the same species.

House sparrows often live near people, gathering food and shelter around buildings and vegetation. Males, females and juveniles do not share one identical plumage pattern.[2]

Follow the evidence ↓
House sparrow
Image: Rhododendrites · Commons · CC BY-SA 4.0
Reading the bib
Adult males have a black bib.[2]
Groups near cover
Birds often feed and bathe together.[2]
A chorus in the hedge
Repeated cheeps form the familiar song.[2]

Reading the bib

Males have a grey cap, chestnut areas and a black bib. Females and juveniles lack that bib and show simpler brown head patterns. A plain-looking young bird need not belong to another species.[2]

Groups near cover

Small groups hop and bathe together. Short wings are not suited to powerful flight, and birds often stay close to vegetation where they can quickly take cover. Their group life includes feeding and maintaining contact as well as sharing sheltered places.[2]

A chorus in the hedge

The familiar song repeats a simple cheep, and groups call together from bushes, especially in spring. A scolding chur can serve as an alarm. Repetition, group context and an alarm call are different uses of the voice, even when the singer stays hidden.[2]

A COMMON MIX-UP

Does every house sparrow have a male's black bib?

No. Females and juveniles lack it.[2]

TRY A LITTLE REASONING

Why can a building cavity matter to a breeding pair even when grain is plentiful nearby?

Reveal the explanation

The pair still needs a sheltered nest site. Food supplies and places to nest meet different needs; house sparrows use building cavities as well as dense vegetation.[2]

Sources & editorial notes

Original explanations, checked against the sources below. The image has its own credit and licence above.

  1. NCBI Taxonomy — Passer domesticus
  2. RSPB — House sparrow

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