THE ANIMAL FILES

Greenhouse millipede

Oxidus gracilis

A small recycler works among damp leaves.

The greenhouse millipede feeds on decaying plant material in sheltered moist places. Its flat-backed body has pale side keels and legs, and antennae guide an eyeless animal through litter. Chemical defences do not remove it from the food web.[1]

Follow the evidence ↓
Greenhouse millipede
Image: JCoelho · Commons · CC BY 2.0
A flat-backed outline
Pale keels project from body segments.[1][2]
Food in the litter
Decaying organic material supplies food.[1]
Defence and predators
Chemical defences coexist with predation.[1]

A flat-backed outline

The brown body carries cream-coloured legs and lateral keels called paranota. Without eyes, the animal relies on antennae to explore its surroundings. The many-legged outline belongs to a millipede, not an insect in the NCBI classification.[1][2]

Food in the litter

Leaf litter, mulch and grass thatch occur in the diet. Feeding breaks down dead plant material rather than requiring pursuit of live prey. Stones and rotting logs provide the damp sheltered settings where the animal is often found.[1]

Defence and predators

Chemical secretions provide defence, but ants and glowworm larvae still prey on this millipede. Ants can sting it, while glowworm larvae turn it over and bite the underside before feeding.[1]

A COMMON MIX-UP

Does chemical defence mean it has no predators?

No. Ants and glowworm larvae are recorded predators.[1]

TRY A LITTLE REASONING

Why look beneath a rotting log rather than on a dry exposed path?

Reveal the explanation

It combines moisture, shelter and decaying plant food used by the species.[1]

Sources & editorial notes

Adapted and translated from the cited Wikipedia revisions, with source-linked reasoning. Image credit and licence are listed separately above.

Adapted and translated from Wikipedia contributors; exact revisions are linked below. CC BY-SA 4.0

  1. Wikipedia contributors — Greenhouse millipede (cited revision)
  2. NCBI Taxonomy — Oxidus gracilis

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