THE ANIMAL FILES

Gila monster

Heloderma suspectum

Beaded skin, a searching tongue and a fat-storing tail.

The Gila monster has bead-like scales reinforced with small bones, a forked tongue that samples scent and a thick tail that stores fat. These structures support protection, food searching and energy storage.[1]

Follow the evidence ↓
Gila monster
Image: Josh Olander · Commons · CC BY 4.0
Bones in the skin
Some scales contain osteoderms.[1]
Searching with the tongue
A forked tongue collects scent information.[1]
A reserve in the tail
The tail stores fat.[1]

Bones in the skin

Small rounded bones occur within the scales of the head, back and tail, helping create the characteristic beaded surface. Belly scales lack these osteoderms.[1]

Searching with the tongue

The dark, forked tongue repeatedly samples the surroundings as the lizard searches for food. Eggs and small animals feature in its broad diet, and tongue flicking can resume immediately after a meal.[1]

A reserve in the tail

Stored tail fat allows the Gila monster to go without frequent feeding, although it still takes suitable food when encountered.[1]

A COMMON MIX-UP

Is every scale reinforced with bone?

No. Head, back and tail scales contain osteoderms, while the belly scales lack them.[1]

TRY A LITTLE REASONING

Why might tongue flicking continue after swallowing an egg?

Reveal the explanation

The search can continue for additional food nearby. A meal does not switch off the animal's ability to sample scent.[1]

Sources & editorial notes

Adapted and translated from the cited Wikipedia revisions, with source-linked reasoning. Image credit and licence are listed separately above.

Adapted and translated from Wikipedia contributors; exact revisions are linked below. CC BY-SA 4.0

  1. Wikipedia contributors — Gila monster (cited revision)
  2. NCBI Taxonomy — Heloderma suspectum

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